Estate Planning

Florida Healthcare Surrogate and Living Will: Your Healthcare Decisions

Healthcare decisions should remain in your control, even if you cannot speak for yourself. Florida provides legal tools to ensure your medical wishes are followed.

What happens if you become unable to make your own healthcare decisions? Without proper planning, your family may face difficult choices without knowing your wishes, or may need to go to court to obtain authority. Florida provides two important documents to address this: the healthcare surrogate designation and the living will.

Healthcare Surrogate Designation

A healthcare surrogate designation (also called a healthcare proxy) names someone to make medical decisions on your behalf if you cannot make them yourself.

Who Can Serve: Any competent adult can serve as your healthcare surrogate. You should choose someone who:

  • Knows your values and preferences
  • Can make difficult decisions under pressure
  • Is available in an emergency
  • Will advocate for your wishes

    When It Takes Effect: Your surrogate only has authority when your doctor determines you lack capacity to make your own decisions. Until then, you make all your own healthcare decisions.

    What Your Surrogate Can Do:

  • Consent to or refuse medical treatment
  • Access your medical records
  • Apply for public benefits
  • Make decisions about your care facility
  • Authorize organ donation (if you haven't already)

    Living Will

    A living will (advance directive) expresses your wishes regarding end-of-life medical treatment. Unlike a healthcare surrogate who makes decisions, a living will provides instructions.

    What It Addresses:

  • Life-prolonging procedures when you have a terminal condition
  • Artificial nutrition and hydration
  • Comfort care and pain management
  • Specific treatments you do or don't want

    When It Applies: Living wills typically apply when you:

  • Have a terminal condition with no reasonable medical probability of recovery
  • Are in an end-stage condition
  • Are in a persistent vegetative state

    Florida Requirements

    Both documents have specific requirements:

    Healthcare Surrogate:

  • Must be in writing
  • Signed by you in the presence of two witnesses
  • Witnesses must be adults
  • One witness cannot be your spouse or blood relative

    Living Will:

  • Must be in writing
  • Signed by you in the presence of two witnesses
  • Should be notarized (recommended, not required)

    HIPAA Authorization

    Federal privacy laws (HIPAA) prevent healthcare providers from sharing your medical information without authorization. A HIPAA authorization allows designated individuals to:

    • Access your medical records
    • Speak with your doctors
    • Receive medical information

      Without this authorization, even close family members may be blocked from your medical information.

      Keeping Documents Current

      Review your healthcare documents when:

    • Your health status changes significantly
    • Your designated surrogate is no longer appropriate
    • Your wishes about treatment change
    • You move to Florida from another state

      Outdated documents may not reflect your current wishes or meet current legal requirements.

      Making Your Wishes Known

      Beyond legal documents, communicate your wishes to:

    • Your healthcare surrogate
    • Close family members
    • Your physicians
    • Your attorney

      Written documents guide decisions, but discussions ensure everyone understands your values and preferences.

      Contact our office to create or update your healthcare documents.

  • Need Help with Your Estate Plan?

    Schedule a free consultation to discuss your specific situation.

    Call Now: (954) 820-8535